CLONAZEPAM

Mechanism of Action :

Clonazepam is an effective anticonvulsant. It raises the threshold for propagation of seizure activity and prevents generalisation of focal or local activity. Clinically, it improves focal epilepsy and generalised seizures. It is also believed to enhance the activity of GABA, and acts as anxiolytic.

Indication, Dosage and Frequency :

Oral
EPILEPSY
Adult: Initially, 1 mg given at night for 4 nights, gradually increased over 2-4 wk. Maintenance: 4-8 mg daily. Max: 20 mg/day
Child: 1-5 yr: 250 mcg daily; 5-12 yr: 500 mcg daily. Maintenance (given in 2-4 divided doses): Infants: 0.5-1 mg daily; 1-5 yr: 1-3 mg daily; 5-12 yr: 3-6 mg daily. Max: 200 mcg/kg/day
Elderly: Initially, 500 mcg at night for 4 nights, may gradually increase over 2-4 wk.

PANIC DISORDER
Adult: Initially, 250 mcg bid, increased after 3 days up to 1 mg daily. Max: 4 mg daily.
Intravenous

EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF STATUS EPILEPTICUS
Adult: 1 mg as inj or infusion given over at least 2 min, repeated if necessary.
Child: and infants: 500 mcg as inj or infusion given over at least 2 min, repeated if necessary

Interactions :

Carbamazepine, phenobarbitone or phenytoin may accelerate clonazepam metabolism.